The numbers that attached in the financial report which includes income, balance sheet, and cash flows are the inputs which are required in financial ratio analysis, so the assumptions and the accounting methods will affect on the numbers that attached on the financial report. According to that, the understanding about the assumptions and methods which are used in recording transactions and report the numbers in financial report is required.

There are several things that need to consider besides the assumptions and accounting methods in analyzing the financial ratio, that is: Economic Assumptions. Economic assumption mentioned that ratio analysis is designed to eliminate the differences between companies and time so that gives the meaning of comparison between companies or between Benchmarks time.

The analysis of company’s financial ratio will be very significant when compared with the other same industry, so the average numbers of the company’s financial ratio is a benchmark for the company to evaluate financial performance. One of the best ways to ensure the best performance is to recognize how the top competitors are growing, comparing with other companies and become the market leader.

Comparison with the same type industry requires at least two dimensions, which are: investments and generated value. There are three reasons why the collaborative benchmarking is very important, that are: to help the stakeholders to find an investment plan based on clear performance indicator, helping the executives to make a budget proposal with the data which is needed to take a reasonable decision, and creating competition awareness and reliability that is needed by the stakeholders to become a leader and providing framework for measuring the success.

If you invest with the goal of pure cash for gold investing, I recommend choosing a pure 24-carat gold for investment. Because it would be easier for us to estimate the actual value of our gold and resell it.

In addition we will not lose the value of our investments due to high production costs of gold for cash. The ease in reselling gold has become an important thing we should consider. Try to buy gold from the store which already has the best reputation in one place.

SCUBA (Self-contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus) diving Water Sports, it cannot be denied that it is a dangerous sport. But you can dive with a safe in Atlantic Diving Supply, enjoyable and free from accidents by following some safety rules submarines. Water Diving Course or diving Water Sports and get your first diving certificate Open Water Diver, before participating in SCUBA diving. Never tried SCUBA diving without a diving course and received certificates in advance.. Check your health.

Examination should be done include lung health (including X-ray I horax examination), ENT, blood pressure and so forth. Do swim test before attending the course diving. You must know and master some swim basic skills. Check your scuba gear! Especially if you hire the diving equipment solutions. Make sure all Scuba Diving equipment is properly installed and working properly. . Note the weather condition before diving. Water is electrically conductive.

Immediately leave the water (sea) when hearing distant lightning. Protect your skin with a sunscreen / sun block and check your logistics solutions. Note the content of the material contained therein. Look closely around you before exiting. Listen if there is a speed boat would pass. Speeding Jet Ski is also a serious threat to your head. Use a surface signaling device like the flag? Diver below? Where you dive.

In developing an investment strategy, the most important thing is to set specific goals. Because with the specific goals you will get the right information from the matter of time and its value in the future.

Then, from our side, we must also examine our risk tolerance to the investment. Do not choose high risk investment that may bother your sleep. And after you are doing those two main points, then you need to develop alternative strategies for various investment options.

The strategy need to be supported by accurate calculations. From these calculations, you will get the value that you need to be invested in order to achieve financial goals which is begins with your current financial situation.

In the development process of investment strategies, there are several steps that we can take to achieve those goals. Understand and examine the transaction costs. Second, recognize the effectiveness of alternative strategies. Third, make a wise choice from the existing assets (assets allocation) based on the specific goals. Examine the impact of transaction costs.

There are two major factors that can reduce the investment returns which are transaction costs and taxes. Financial institutions such as securities firms or banks always charge a fee on every transaction that we did. For example, every month we will be charge by administrative costs when we save money in the bank. We also get charge with transaction cost if we want to pay the bills through the bank. Investing in mutual funds would also get charge, for example, various costs for each purchase of mutual funds.

All these things must be understood and examined so that we can make the right decision in the matter of investment.

Asymmetry is not only known in mathematics, but also economic. The condition of information asymmetry triggered crippling economic situation. What is the solution? You could say the Internet is one of the answers. In economic study there is a state or condition called information asymmetry or imbalance of information.

This information asymmetry occurs when one or several parties whom involved in a transaction process have better or more information compared with others who are also involved in the transaction process. Every producers must know more or have better information about its product quality than consumers. Each prospective employee must have a better knowledge about his working ability than the company where he worked.

Health insurance companies generally do not have adequate knowledge of actual health condition of the prospective clients. Proficiency level in these matters above are some examples of information asymmetry. Every manufacturer must know more or have better information than consumers about product quality. We are aware that knowledge about the quality of a product is important.

One of the things revealed by Akerlof in “Market for Lemons” is without any guarantee of quality, asymmetry information and differences in product quality can impact on the loss of the product market. To avoid this from happening, we know the term warranty or guarantee given by the manufacturers for the products they produce.